Why is There a Pipette Tip Shortage?

Scientific research is heavily dependent on specialised equipment and when the supply chain is compromised the results can be alarming. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic the scientific research sector is experiencing major delays in acquiring disposable plastic pipette tips, small but important pieces of equipment used to transport small quantities of liquid. The tips attach to a more sophisticated micropipette apparatus, which can be set to aspirate a pre-set amount of liquid in the microlitre range.

COVID-19 testing fuels shortage

Widespread COVID-19 testing has fuelled the shortage, with the average test requiring four pipette tips. With the US carrying out roughly 1 million tests per day, demand for pipette tips is enormous. It’s not just epidemiologists who rely on pipette tips, with the plastic nibs also used in genetics research, diagnostic screenings, bioengineering and other applications. Even when scientists are not handling highly infectious materials, pipette tips are usually replaced for each sample to avoid contamination.

The pandemic has also impacted distribution, with most supply ships now required to quarantine when arriving at a port. In some cases, container ships have been forced to wait offshore for two weeks before docking. This slows the unloading process and causes further interruptions to the supply chain. Pandemic-related precautions such as social distancing also delay the customs process and increase time in transit.

Severe weather disrupts supply chain

As well as a surge in demand, several other factors have overlapped and contributed to the shortage. In February, wild weather caused major power outages in Texas which shut down polypropylene resin manufacturing plants. The thermoplastic polymer is used to manufacture plastic pipette tips, which meant the severe weather caused significant and ongoing supply shortages.

Scientists forced to improvise

In response to the pipette tip shortage, scientists have been forced to improvise and come up with their own solutions. This includes sterilising and re-using pipette tips, which isn’t ideal but does extend the life of the disposable laboratory tools. Rationing pipette tips has also become routine, with collaboration between colleagues also encourage in a bid to reduce usage.

Whether researchers have access to a good supply of pipette tips or have resorted to recycling the tools, adhering to best-practice methods and techniques is essential.

Lee Moir, a representative from Britain’s internationally recognised MRC Harwell Institute underscores the importance of ergonomics, pre rinsing and maintenance in ‘The Art of Pipetting - Top Tips’.